First, univariate analysis was performed to identify variables that were significantly associated with the presence of at least one sperm in urinary sediment. one sperm in urinary sediment and clinical parameters such as various diseases and the use of particular oral medicines. Main Outcomes In total, 1.6% (339/20,937) of urinary sediment samples contained at least one sperm. The sperm group consisted of 282 subjects (5.6%), and the no-sperm group included 4,723 subjects (94.3%). Results Multivariate analysis exhibited that younger age ( 65) (odds ratio [OR]: 1.71, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.32C2.21), the total number of examinations (4) (OR: 1.46, 95%CI: 1.11C1.92), diabetes (OR: 1.72, 95%CI: 1.31C2.25), a history of pelvic surgery for colon cancer (OR: 4.89, 95%CI: 2.38C10.02), alpha-1 blocker use (OR: 1.55, 95%CI: 1.16C2.08), a history of trans-urethral resection of the prostate (OR: 2.77, 95%CI: 1.46C5.13), and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor use (OR: 2.12, 95%CI: 1.07C4.19) were independent predictors of the presence of at least one sperm in urinary sediment. Conclusion There is considerable overlap between the factors associated with the presence of at least one sperm in urinary sediment and those that are strongly associated with ejaculatory disorders. Introduction Urinary sedimentation by centrifugal separation followed by a microscopic examination of the components of the sediment is usually routinely used to evaluate the general condition of urine and to detect kidney and urinary tract diseases in a timely and noninvasive manner. Most of the cellular components found in urinary sediment originate from the urinary tract, but sperm are occasionally detected. Sperm in urinary sediment are usually derived from the first post-ejaculatory voiding [1], and AM 103 in older men sperm are sometimes found in urinary sediment due to reduced contraction of the internal urethral sphincter [2]. Furthermore, retrograde ejaculation (RE) causes a large number of sperm to be present in urinary sediment [2,3]. Although the only presence of sperm in urine does not imply RE [4], the presence of sperm in urinary sediment is an important factor in the diagnosis of RE [3]. However, there is no consensus as to defining of RE [5] and the rate of RE is usually subjectively evaluated by not-validated self-reported questionnaires in most of the studies [5C9]. Meanwhile, to the best of our knowledge there have not been any studies about the detection rate of at least one sperm in urinary sediment samples subjected to microscopic examinations, nor have any studies evaluated the associations between such a obtaining and clinical factors such as the presence of, or a history of, certain conditions or the use of particular medications. In fact, medical-staff often conduct routine urinary tests without paying particular attention to the presence/absence of sperm. Therefore, in the present study we evaluated 1) the detection rate of at least one sperm in urinary sediment in a large number of samples, 2) the associations between such a obtaining and clinical background factors, and 3) impartial predictors for the presence of at least one sperm in urinary sediment. AM 103 Materials and Methods Urinalysis and urinary sediment were tested in 8, 509 patients at Tokyo Saiseikai Central Hospital during the May 2011 to June 2012. We excluded the patients in whom urinalysis and urinary sedimentation assessments had been performed only once (n = 3,504), which left 5,005 males aged 20 years (total number of measurements: 20,937) patients in whom the assessments were performed at least twice. Among the 5,005 subjects, urinalysis and urinary sedimentation test were performed due to routine work-up for urological disease (N = 2,002), general check-ups for disorders of internal medicine (N = 2,600), health medical check-ups (N = 305), and unknown reasons (N = 98). The patients first urinary samples were discarded, and their second urinary samples were collected. The urine samples were submitted promptly after micturition and were analyzed using a fully automated urine element analyzer (UF-1000i, Sysmex Corporation, Kobe, Japan). If the analyzer detected the presence of a foreign body, trained medical technicians visually examined the sample under a microscope for the presence of at least one sperm under high magnification (400, HPF). The sperm group included patients whose urine contained at least one sperm according to at least one urinary sediment test performed under a microscope, while the no-sperm group included patients in whom sperm was not detected in any urinary sediment test. We evaluated the associations between the presence of at least one sperm in urinary sediment and clinical background factors such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, a history of pelvic surgery due to colorectal cancer, cardiovascular disease, prostatitis or transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP); or.This study was approved as the following contents by the ethics committee of Saiseikai Central Hospital (No. We evaluated the associations between the presence of at least one sperm in urinary sediment and clinical parameters such as various diseases and the use of particular oral medicines. Main Outcomes In total, 1.6% (339/20,937) of urinary sediment samples contained at least one sperm. The sperm group consisted of 282 subjects (5.6%), and the no-sperm group included 4,723 subjects (94.3%). Results Multivariate analysis exhibited that younger age ( 65) (odds ratio [OR]: 1.71, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.32C2.21), the total number of examinations (4) (OR: 1.46, 95%CI: 1.11C1.92), diabetes (OR: 1.72, 95%CI: 1.31C2.25), a history of pelvic surgery for colon cancer (OR: 4.89, 95%CI: 2.38C10.02), alpha-1 blocker use (OR: 1.55, 95%CI: 1.16C2.08), a history of trans-urethral resection of the prostate (OR: 2.77, 95%CI: 1.46C5.13), and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor use (OR: 2.12, 95%CI: 1.07C4.19) were independent predictors of the presence of at least one sperm in urinary sediment. Conclusion There is considerable overlap between the factors associated with the presence of at least one sperm in urinary sediment and those that are strongly associated with ejaculatory disorders. Introduction Urinary sedimentation by centrifugal separation followed by a microscopic examination of the components of the sediment is routinely used to evaluate the general condition of urine and to detect kidney and urinary tract diseases in a timely and noninvasive manner. Most of the cellular components found in urinary sediment originate from the urinary tract, but sperm are occasionally detected. Sperm in urinary sediment are usually derived from the first post-ejaculatory voiding [1], and in older men sperm are sometimes found in urinary sediment due to reduced contraction of the internal urethral sphincter [2]. Furthermore, retrograde ejaculation (RE) causes a large number of sperm to be present in urinary sediment [2,3]. Although the only presence of sperm in urine does not imply RE [4], the presence of sperm in urinary sediment is an important factor in the diagnosis of RE [3]. However, there is no consensus as to defining of RE [5] and the rate of RE is subjectively evaluated by not-validated self-reported questionnaires in most of the studies [5C9]. Meanwhile, to the best of our knowledge there have not been any studies about the detection rate of at least one sperm in urinary sediment samples subjected to microscopic examinations, nor have any studies evaluated the associations between such a finding and clinical factors such as the presence of, or a history of, certain conditions or the use of particular medications. In fact, medical-staff often conduct routine urinary tests without paying particular attention to the presence/absence of sperm. Therefore, in the present study we evaluated 1) the detection rate of at least one sperm in urinary sediment in a large number of samples, 2) the associations between such a finding and clinical background factors, and 3) independent predictors for the presence of at least one sperm in urinary sediment. Materials and Methods Urinalysis and urinary sediment were tested in 8,509 patients at Tokyo Saiseikai Central Hospital during the May 2011 to June 2012. We excluded the patients in whom urinalysis and urinary sedimentation tests had been performed only once (n = 3,504), which left 5,005 males aged 20 years (total number of measurements: 20,937) patients in whom the tests were performed at least twice. Among the 5,005 subjects, urinalysis and urinary sedimentation test were performed due to routine work-up for urological disease (N = 2,002), general check-ups for disorders of internal medicine (N = 2,600), health medical check-ups (N = 305), and unknown reasons (N = 98). The patients first urinary samples were discarded, and their second urinary samples were collected. The urine samples were submitted promptly after micturition and were analyzed using a fully automated urine element analyzer (UF-1000i, Sysmex Corporation, Kobe, Japan). If the analyzer detected the presence of a foreign body, trained medical technicians visually examined the sample under a microscope for the presence of at least one sperm.This study was approved as the following contents by the ethics committee of Saiseikai Central Hospital (No. whom at least one urinary sediment test performed under a microscope had detected at least one sperm. We evaluated the associations between the presence of at least one sperm in urinary sediment and clinical parameters such as various diseases and the use of particular oral medicines. Main Outcomes In total, 1.6% (339/20,937) of urinary sediment samples contained at least one sperm. The sperm group consisted of 282 subjects (5.6%), and the no-sperm group included 4,723 subjects (94.3%). Results Multivariate analysis demonstrated that younger age ( 65) (odds ratio [OR]: 1.71, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.32C2.21), the total number of examinations (4) (OR: 1.46, 95%CI: 1.11C1.92), diabetes (OR: 1.72, 95%CI: 1.31C2.25), a history of pelvic surgery for colon cancer (OR: 4.89, 95%CI: 2.38C10.02), alpha-1 blocker use (OR: 1.55, 95%CI: 1.16C2.08), a history of trans-urethral resection of the prostate (OR: 2.77, 95%CI: 1.46C5.13), and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor use (OR: 2.12, 95%CI: 1.07C4.19) were independent predictors of the presence of at least one sperm in urinary sediment. Conclusion There is considerable overlap between the factors associated with the presence of at least one sperm in urinary sediment and those that are strongly associated with ejaculatory disorders. Introduction Urinary sedimentation by centrifugal separation followed by a microscopic examination of the components of the sediment is routinely used to evaluate the general condition of urine and to detect kidney and urinary tract diseases in a timely and noninvasive manner. Most of the cellular components found in urinary sediment originate from the urinary tract, but sperm are occasionally detected. Sperm in urinary sediment are usually derived from the first post-ejaculatory voiding [1], and in older men sperm are sometimes found in urinary sediment due to reduced contraction of the internal urethral sphincter [2]. Furthermore, retrograde ejaculation (RE) causes a large number of sperm to be present in urinary sediment [2,3]. Although the only presence of sperm in urine does not imply RE [4], the presence of sperm in urinary sediment is an important factor in the diagnosis of RE [3]. However, there is no consensus as to defining of RE [5] and the rate of RE is definitely subjectively evaluated by not-validated self-reported questionnaires AM 103 in most of the studies [5C9]. In the mean time, to the best of our knowledge there have not been any studies about the detection rate of at least one sperm in urinary sediment samples subjected to microscopic examinations, nor have any studies evaluated the associations between such a getting and clinical factors such as the presence of, or a history of, certain conditions or the use of particular medications. In fact, medical-staff often conduct routine urinary checks without spending particular attention to the presence/absence of sperm. Consequently, in the present study we evaluated 1) the detection rate of at least one sperm in urinary sediment in a large number of samples, 2) the associations between such a getting and clinical background factors, and 3) self-employed predictors for the presence of at least one sperm in urinary sediment. Materials and Methods Urinalysis and urinary sediment were tested in 8,509 individuals at Tokyo Saiseikai Central Hospital during the May 2011 to June 2012. We excluded the individuals in whom urinalysis and urinary sedimentation checks had been performed only once (n = 3,504), which remaining 5,005 males aged 20 years (total number of measurements: 20,937) individuals in whom the checks were performed at least twice. Among the 5,005 subjects, urinalysis and urinary sedimentation test were performed due to routine work-up for urological disease (N = 2,002), general check-ups for disorders of internal medicine (N = 2,600), health medical check-ups (N = 305), and unfamiliar reasons (N = 98). The individuals 1st urinary samples were discarded, and their second urinary samples were collected. The urine samples were submitted promptly after micturition and were analyzed using a fully automated urine element analyzer (UF-1000i, Sysmex Corporation, Kobe, Japan). If the analyzer recognized the presence of a foreign body, qualified medical technicians visually examined the sample under a microscope for the presence of at least one sperm under high magnification (400, HPF). The sperm group included individuals whose urine contained at least one sperm relating to at least one urinary sediment test performed under a microscope, while the no-sperm group included individuals in whom sperm was not detected in any urinary sediment test. We evaluated the associations between the presence Mouse monoclonal to CD23. The CD23 antigen is the low affinity IgE Fc receptor, which is a 49 kDa protein with 38 and 28 kDa fragments. It is expressed on most mature, conventional B cells and can also be found on the surface of T cells, macrophages, platelets and EBV transformed B lymphoblasts. Expression of CD23 has been detected in neoplastic cells from cases of B cell chronic Lymphocytic leukemia. CD23 is expressed by B cells in the follicular mantle but not by proliferating germinal centre cells. CD23 is also expressed by eosinophils. of at least one sperm in urinary sediment and medical background factors such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, a history of pelvic surgery due to colorectal cancer, cardiovascular disease, prostatitis or transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP); or the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI), proton pump inhibitors.