Many isolated cyclic peptides have not been screened for their biological activities as the quantities obtained were very limited

Many isolated cyclic peptides have not been screened for their biological activities as the quantities obtained were very limited. under the tree sp.-[21]Psychrophilin C (6)from a soil under the tree sp.-[21]Psychrophilin D (7)ZLN-60Antiproliferative activity[22,23]Psychrophilin F (9)ZLN-60-[23]Psychrophilin G (10)ZLN-60Lipid-lowering effect[23]Psychrophilin H (11)ZLN-60-[23]Sclerotiotide A (12)PT06-1Antifungal activity[19]Sclerotiotide SNT-207707 B (13)PT06-1Antifungal activity[19]Sclerotiotide C (14)PT06-1-[19]Sclerotiotide D (15)PT06-1-[19]Sclerotiotide E (16)PT06-1-[19]Sclerotiotide F (17)PT06-1Antifungal activity[19]PT06-1-[19]Sclerotiotide H (19)PT06-1-[19]Sclerotiotide I (20)PT06-1Antifungal activity[19]Sclerotiotide J (21)PT06-1-[19]Sclerotiotide K (22)PT06-1-[19]Xyloallenolide A (23)sp. No. 2508-[27] Open in a separate window Aspochracin (1) was the first cyclic tripeptide isolated from fungi in 1969. It was obtained from the culture broth of PT06-1. Only sclerotiotides A (12), B (13), F (17) and I (20), and JBIR-15 (2) show selective antifungal activity against and species [18,20,21,22,23]. Among them, psychrophilin D (7) from show cytotoxic activity [18], psychrophilin E (8) from sp. shows antiproliferative activity [22], and psychrophilin G (10) from ZLN-60 shows lipid-lowering effects [23]. 3. Cyclic Tetrapeptides Cyclic tetrapeptides have been found in many genera such as sp.Inhibitory activity on histone deacetyl (HDAC) SNT-207707 activity, antiproliferation, cytotoxicity, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis induction[30]Apicidin (25)mutant-[54]Apicidin F (33)sp. No. 27082Immunosuppressive activity[37]Aspercolorin (37)SCSGAF0162Cytotoxic and antiviral activity[38]Auxarthride A (39)Coprophilous fungus sp. BCC18034Antimalarial and cytotoxic activity[40]Cyclo[(2sp.Plant growth-retardant activity[41]Cyclo[2-methylalanyl-l-phenylalanyl-d-prolyl-(2sp.Plant growth-retardant activity[41]Cyclo[2-methylalanyl-l-phenylalanyl-d-prolyl-(2sp.Plant growth-retardant activity[41]sp. K38 and sp. E33Antifungal SNT-207707 activity[42]Cyclo(l-Leu-sp. K38 and sp. E33Antifungal activity[43]Cyclo(d-Pro-l-Tyr-l-Pro-l-Tyr) (47)Co-culture broth of two mangrove fungi sp. K38 and sp. E33Antifungal activity[42]Cyclo(sp.TGF–like activity[61]sp.-[51]Endolide A (55)sp. from the sponge sp.Affinity to the vaspopressin receptor 1A with a Ki of 7.04 M[64]Endolide B (56)sp. from the sponge sp.Be selevtive toward the serotonin receptor 5HT2b with a Ki of 0.77 M[64]Endolide C (57)Marine-sponge-derived sp. 293 K04-[65]Endolide D (58)Marine-sponge-derived sp. 293 K04-[65]5,5-Epoxy-MKN-349A (59)Endophytic fungus sp. GD6 from the mangrove sp. No. 27082Immunosuppressant that inhibits mammalian histone deacetylase[67,68,69]Fungisporin (61)= sp.-[73]Isotentoxin (64)sp. from the alga cf. CNL-692Inhibitory activity on histone deacetylase; cytotoxic activity[47]Microsporin B (67)cf. CNL-692Inhibitory activity on histone deacetylase; cytotoxic activity[47]Nidulanin A (68)from sp.Antitumour activity[76]PF1070B (71)sp.Antitumour activity[76]Phoenistatin (72)sp. X802Antibacterial and antiproliferative activities[49]Pseudoxylallemycin B (74)Termite-associated fungus sp. X802Antibacterial and antiproliferative activities[49]Pseudoxylallemycin C (75)Termite-associated fungus sp. X802Antibacterial and antiproliferative activities[49]Pseudoxylallemycin D (76)Termite-associated fungus sp. X802Antibacterial and antiproliferative activities[49]Pseudoxylallemycin E (77)Termite-associated fungus sp. X802-[49]Pseudoxylallemycin F (78)Termite-associated fungus sp. X802-[49]Sartoryglabramide A (79)Marine-derived KUFA 0702 from the sponge sp.-[78]Sartoryglabramide B (80)Marine-derived KUFA 0702 from the sponge sp.-[78]Tentoxin (81)sp.-[51]Tentoxin B (82)Marine-derived fungus sp. from the giant jellyfish RF-1023Detransformation activity against oncogene-transformed NIH3T3 cells[52]RF-1023Detransformation activity against oncogene-transformed NIH3T3 cells[52]WF-3161 (85)species belongs to the HC-toxin family, and contains a 2-amino-8-oxo-9,10-epoxydecanoic acid residue [29]. Other cyclic tetrapeptides such as 1-alaninechlamydocin (24), apicidin (25), chlamydocin (41), “type”:”entrez-nucleotide”,”attrs”:”text”:”FR235222″,”term_id”:”258291874″,”term_text”:”FR235222″FR235222 (60), microsporins A (66) and B (67), and trapoxins A (83) and B (84) also show inhibitory activity on HDAC [30,31]. Apicidin analogs (25C35) from species show antiprotozoal activity by inhibiting parasite HDAC [32,33,34,35]. These HDAC inhibitors were considered as the potential therapeutics for spinal muscular atrophy [36]. AS1387392 (36) from sp. No. SNT-207707 27082 showed a strong inhibitory effect against mammalian HDAC and T-cell proliferation which suggested its potential CCNA1 as immunosuppressant [37]. Asperterrestide A (38) from the fermentation broth of the marine-derived fungus SCSGAF0162 showed cytotoxicity against U937 and MOLT4 hunman carcinoma cell lines and inhibitory effects on influenza virus SNT-207707 strains H1N1 and H3N2 [38]. Chlamydocin (41) was isolated from [39] and sp. BCC18034 [40], respectively. This compound showed antimalarial and cytotoxic activities. Three chlamydocin analogs cyclo[(2sp. They all showed plant growth-retarding activity by reducing the height of rice seedlings without blotch and wilting [41]. Three cyclic tetrapeptides cyclo(Gly-l-Phe-l-Pro-l-Tyr) (45), cyclo(l-Leu-trans-4-hydroxy-l-Pro-l-Leu-sp. K38 and sp. E33. These compounds all had moderate antifungal activity against and [42,43]. Three cyclic tetrapeptides cyclo(exhibited marked inhibition on the growth of rice and lettuce seedlings, especially on their root growth, which suggested that they could be used to inhibit plant growth [45,46]. Microsporins A (66) and B (67) from the marine-derived fungus cf. CNL-692 obtained from a sample of the bryozoan sp. collected in the U.S. Virgin Islands. Both compounds showed inhibitory activity on HDAC and demonstrated cytotoxic activity against human colon adenocarcinoma (HCT-116) cells [47]. Penicopeptide A (69) was isolated from the endophytic fungus from sp. X802. Pseudoxylallemycins ACD (73C76) showed antibacterial activity against Gram-negative human-pathogenic and antiproliferative activity against human umbilical vein endothelial cells and K-562 cell lines [49]. Tentoxin (81) and its derivatives dihydrotentoxin (54) and isotentoxin (64) were important mycotoxins from spp. [50]. Tentoxin B (82) was isolated from the marine-derived fungus sp. from the giant jellyfish RF-1023 exhibited detransformation activity against oncogene-transformed NIH3T3 cells (and sp. FO-7314Chitinase inhibitor[81]Argifin (87)sp. FTD-0668Chitinase inhibitor[82,97]Aspergillipeptide D (88)Marine gorgonian-derived fungus sp. SCSIO 41501Antiviral activity[84]Asperpeptide A (89)Marine gorgonian-derived sp. XS-20090B15Antibacterial activity[98]Avellanin A (90)sp.Vasoconstriction and pressor effect[99]Avellanin B (91)sp.Vasoconstriction and pressor effect[99]Avellanin C (92)C2WU-[101]Cotteslosin A (95)sp. of LG53 from Chinese medicinal plant LG53 from Chinese medicinal plant LG53.